History timeline
Mongolia
15 periods and events, 209 BCE – 1992.
Periods and events
| When | Period or event | Kind | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 209 BCE – 91 | Xiongnu匈奴 Steppe confederation under Modu Chanyu that rivalled Han China. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 330 – 555 | Rouran Khaganate柔然汗国 First steppe power to use the title khagan. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 552 – 744 | Göktürk Khaganates突厥汗国 Turkic empires whose Orkhon inscriptions are the oldest known Turkic texts. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 744 – 840 | Uyghur Khaganate回鹘汗国 Ruled from Ordu-Baliq on the Orkhon; fell to the Kyrgyz. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 1206 | Temüjin proclaimed Genghis Khan铁木真称成吉思汗 A kurultai on the Onon River unites the Mongol tribes under him. | Politics | Source |
| 1206 – 1368 | Mongol Empire蒙古帝国 Largest contiguous land empire in history, stretching from Korea to Hungary. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 1368 – 1635 | Northern Yuan北元 The Yuan court retreats to the steppe after the Ming take China. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 1639 | Zanabazar, first Jebtsundamba Khutughtu扎那巴扎尔成为首世哲布尊丹巴呼图克图 Head of Mongolian Buddhism, sculptor and creator of the Soyombo script. | Religion | Source |
| 1691 – 1911 | Qing rule清朝统治 The Khalkha Mongols submit to the Kangxi Emperor at Dolon Nor. | Colonial | Source |
| 1911 – 1924 | Bogd Khanate博克多汗国 Mongolia declares independence from the Qing under the 8th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu. | Politics | Source |
| 1921 | Mongolian Revolution of 19211921年蒙古革命 Sükhbaatar's partisans and the Red Army expel Chinese troops and Ungern's White Russians. | War | Source |
| 1924 – 1992 | Mongolian People's Republic蒙古人民共和国 The world's second communist state and a close Soviet satellite. | Politics | Source |
| 1937 – 1939 | Stalinist repressions大清洗 Choibalsan's purges kill tens of thousands, including many Buddhist lamas. | Politics | Source |
| 1939 – 1939 | Battles of Khalkhin Gol诺门罕战役 Soviet-Mongolian forces under Zhukov defeat Japan on the Manchukuo border. | War | Source |
| 1989 – 1990 | Democratic Revolution民主革命 Peaceful protests end one-party rule; multi-party elections follow. | Movement | Source |