History timeline

Central America

65 periods and events, 200 – today.

Within Central America

Guatemala200 – 1996
Panama1513 – 1999
Cuba1492 – 2018

Periods and events

When	Period or event	Kind	Source
426 – 822	Copán dynasty科潘王朝· Honduras Maya kingdom founded by Yax K'uk' Mo', famed for its sculpted stelae.	Dynasty or era	Source
1524 – 1539	Spanish conquest of Cuzcatlán西班牙征服库斯卡特兰· El Salvador Pipil resistance holds off the Spanish for over a decade.	Colonial	Source
1524	Spanish conquest; Granada and León founded西班牙征服；格拉纳达与莱昂建城· Nicaragua Francisco Hernández de Córdoba founds the two rival colonial cities.	Colonial	Source
1524 – 1539	Spanish conquest and Lempira's resistance西班牙征服与伦皮拉的抵抗· Honduras The Lenca leader Lempira, killed in 1537, became a national hero.	Colonial	Source
1609 – 1821	Captaincy General of Guatemala危地马拉都督府 Spanish colonial unit spanning Chiapas to Costa Rica.	Colonial	Source
1811	First Cry of Independence第一次独立呼声· El Salvador San Salvador uprising led by José Matías Delgado; the first in Central America.	Movement	Source
1821	Central American independence中美洲独立 Act of Independence signed in Guatemala City; briefly annexed to Mexico (1822–23).	Politics	Source
1823 – 1841	Federal Republic of Central America中美洲联邦共和国 Union of five states that broke apart in civil war.	Politics	Source
1856 – 1857	National War against William Walker反抗威廉·沃克的国民战争· Nicaragua US filibuster Walker seizes the presidency; Central American armies expel him.	War	Source
1856	Battle of Rivas (Juan Santamaría)里瓦斯战役（胡安·圣玛丽亚）· Costa Rica Costa Rican troops defeat Walker's filibusters; drummer boy Santamaría becomes a national hero.	War	Source
1889	1889 election1889年选举· Costa Rica Often seen as the start of Costa Rican democracy.	Politics	Source
1899 – 1970	United Fruit and the "banana republics"联合果品公司与"香蕉共和国" US fruit company dominates land, railways and politics across the isthmus.	Economy	Source
1912 – 1933	US occupation美国占领· Nicaragua	Colonial	Source
1927 – 1933	Sandino's rebellion桑地诺起义· Nicaragua Augusto César Sandino's guerrilla war against the US Marines.	War	Source
1931 – 1979	Military rule军人统治· El Salvador From Hernández Martínez's coup to the 1979 reformist coup.	Politics	Source
1932	La Matanza大屠杀（La Matanza）· El Salvador A peasant uprising is crushed; thousands of indigenous people are killed.	Politics	Source
1936 – 1979	Somoza family dictatorship索摩查家族独裁· Nicaragua	Politics	Source
1948 – 1948	Costa Rican Civil War哥斯达黎加内战· Costa Rica José Figueres's rebellion after a disputed election.	War	Source
1948	Army abolished废除军队· Costa Rica	Politics	Source
1949 – today	Second Republic (1949 Constitution)第二共和国（1949年宪法）· Costa Rica Stable democracy and welfare state ever since.	Politics	Source
1963 – 1982	Military rule军人统治· Honduras	Politics	Source
1969 – 1969	Football War (El Salvador–Honduras)足球战争（萨尔瓦多—洪都拉斯） Brief war over migration and land, sparked by World Cup qualifiers.	War	Source
1972	Managua earthquake马那瓜大地震· Nicaragua Destroys the capital; Somoza's theft of relief aid fuels the opposition.	Other	Source
1979	Sandinistas take power桑地诺民族解放阵线掌权· Nicaragua	Politics	Source
1979 – 1992	Salvadoran Civil War萨尔瓦多内战· El Salvador US-backed government against the FMLN guerrillas; about 75,000 killed.	War	Source
1980	Archbishop Óscar Romero assassinated大主教奥斯卡·罗梅罗遇刺· El Salvador Shot while saying Mass; canonized in 2018.	Religion	Source
1981 – 1990	Contra War反政府武装战争· Nicaragua US-backed Contras fight the Sandinista government until the 1990 election.	War	Source
1987	Esquipulas Peace Agreement埃斯基普拉斯和平协议 Óscar Arias's regional peace plan to end the isthmus's civil wars; he won the Nobel Peace Prize.	Politics	Source
1992	Chapultepec Peace Accords查普尔特佩克和平协议· El Salvador	Politics	Source
1998 – 1998	Hurricane Mitch飓风米奇· Honduras Floods kill thousands in Honduras and Nicaragua and wreck the economy.	Other	Source

Also in Americas

North America14000 BCE – 2021
South America3500 BCE – 2016