Comparative history timeline

World Religions Timeline

90 periods and events, 1800 BCE – 1992, by century.

Periods and events

Century	Judaism	Christianity	Islam	Buddhism	Hinduism
1800–1701 BCE	Abraham (patriarch)亚伯拉罕（先祖）1800 BCE
1600–1501 BCE					Rigveda composed《梨俱吠陀》编成1501–1201 BCE
1300–1201 BCE	The Exodus (Moses)出埃及（摩西）1300 BCE				Later Vedas and Brahmanas后期吠陀与梵书1201–801 BCE
1100–1001 BCE	United Kingdom of Israel (David and Solomon)以色列联合王国（大卫与所罗门）1010–931 BCE
1000–901 BCE	First Temple in Jerusalem耶路撒冷第一圣殿957 BCE
900–801 BCE					Early Upanishads早期奥义书801–501 BCE
700–601 BCE					Shramana movements challenge Vedic ritualism沙门思潮挑战吠陀祭祀主义601–401 BCE
600–501 BCE	Babylonian exile巴比伦之囚586–538 BCE Second Temple period第二圣殿时期516 BCE – 70			Shakyamuni Buddha (India)释迦牟尼（印度）563–480 BCE
500–401 BCE					Mahabharata and Ramayana composed《摩诃婆罗多》与《罗摩衍那》编成401 BCE – 400
400–301 BCE				Maurya Empire patronizes Buddhism孔雀王朝护持佛教320–180 BCE
300–201 BCE				Ashoka spreads Buddhism across the Maurya Empire阿育王弘扬佛教268–232 BCE Buddhism reaches Sri Lanka (Mahinda)佛教传入斯里兰卡（摩哂陀）250 BCE Introduced to China (Han)传入中国（汉）206 BCE – 220	Bhagavad Gita《薄伽梵歌》201 BCE – 200 Manusmriti (Laws of Manu)《摩奴法典》201 BCE – 200
100–1 BCE		Jesus of Nazareth拿撒勒的耶稣4 BCE – 30		Rise of Mahayana大乘佛教兴起100 BCE – 100
1 – 99	Destruction of the Second Temple第二圣殿的毁灭70	Paul's missionary journeys保罗传教之旅46 – 57
100 – 199	Bar Kokhba revolt and diaspora巴尔科赫巴起义与大流散132 – 135
200 – 299	Mishnah compiled《密释纳》编成200
300 – 399		Edict of Milan legalizes Christianity米兰敕令：基督教合法化313 First Council of Nicaea第一次尼西亚大公会议325 Edict of Thessalonica: state religion of Rome帖撒罗尼迦敕令：成为罗马国教380			Classical (Puranic) Hinduism under the Gupta Empire笈多王朝时期的古典（往世书）印度教320 – 550
400 – 499				Kumārajīva translates sutras in Chang'an鸠摩罗什长安译经401 – 413
500 – 599	Babylonian Talmud completed《巴比伦塔木德》完成500		Birth of Muhammad穆罕默德诞生570	Bodhidharma arrives; Chan (Zen) begins达摩东来，禅宗初起520 Buddhism reaches Japan from Baekje佛教经百济传入日本552	Tantric traditions emerge密教传统兴起500 – 900
600 – 699		Nestorian Christianity reaches Tang China景教传入唐朝635	First revelation (beginning of the Quran)首次启示（《古兰经》降示之始）610 Hijra to Medina希吉拉（迁徙麦地那）622 Death of Muhammad穆罕默德逝世632 Rashidun Caliphate正统哈里发时期632 – 661 Early Muslim conquests早期穆斯林征服632 – 750 Compilation of the Quran《古兰经》的编定650 Umayyad Caliphate倭马亚王朝（哈里发国）661 – 750 Sunni–Shia split (Battle of Karbala)逊尼派与什叶派分裂（卡尔巴拉之战）680	Xuanzang's journey to India玄奘西行取经629 – 645 Buddhism reaches Tibet (first diffusion)佛教传入西藏（前弘期）641 – 842	Bhakti movement begins in South India (Alvars and Nayanars)虔信运动在南印度兴起（阿尔瓦尔与纳衍纳尔）600 – 900
700 – 799			Islam reaches Iberia (Al-Andalus)伊斯兰传入伊比利亚（安达卢斯）711 Abbasid Caliphate阿拔斯王朝（哈里发国）750 – 1258 Islamic Golden Age伊斯兰黄金时代750 – 1258	State Buddhism of Nara Japan奈良时代的国家佛教710 – 794	Adi Shankara and Advaita Vedanta商羯罗与不二论吠檀多788 – 820
800 – 899			Rise of Sufism苏非主义的兴起800	Huichang persecution of Buddhism (Tang)会昌毁佛845
900 – 999		Baptism of Kievan Rus'罗斯受洗988
1000 – 1099		East–West Schism东西教会大分裂1054 Crusades十字军东征1096 – 1291			Ramanuja and Vishishtadvaita罗摩奴阇与制限不二论1017 – 1137
1100 – 1199				Zen schools founded in Japan (Rinzai, Sōtō)日本禅宗创立（临济、曹洞）1191 – 1227 Nalanda destroyed; Buddhism declines in India那烂陀寺被毁，佛教在印度衰落1193	Angkor Wat built (Hinduism in Southeast Asia)吴哥窟建成（印度教在东南亚）1113 – 1150
1200 – 1299			Mongol sack of Baghdad蒙古攻陷巴格达1258 Islam spreads to Southeast Asia伊斯兰传入东南亚1290 – 1500
1300 – 1399		Avignon Papacy阿维尼翁教廷1309 – 1377			Vijayanagara Empire毗奢耶那伽罗王朝1336 – 1646
1400 – 1499	Expulsion from Spain (Alhambra Decree)西班牙驱逐犹太人（阿尔罕布拉敕令）1492		Ottoman conquest of Constantinople奥斯曼攻陷君士坦丁堡1453		Bhakti spreads to North India (Kabir, Chaitanya, Tulsidas)虔信运动传播至北印度（迦比尔、柴坦尼亚、杜勒西达斯）1440 – 1623
1500 – 1599		The Reformation宗教改革1517 – 1648 Church of England breaks with Rome英国国教会脱离罗马1534 Council of Trent (Counter-Reformation)特伦托会议（反宗教改革）1545 – 1563 Francis Xavier reaches Japan沙勿略抵达日本1549 Matteo Ricci in China利玛窦在华传教1583 – 1610	Ottoman Caliphate奥斯曼哈里发国1517 – 1924	Title 'Dalai Lama' conferred by Altan Khan俺答汗赐号“达赖喇嘛”1578
1700 – 1799	Haskalah (Jewish Enlightenment)哈斯卡拉运动（犹太启蒙）1770 – 1881		Wahhabi reform movement瓦哈比改革运动1744
1800 – 1899	First Zionist Congress (Zionism)第一届锡安主义大会（锡安主义）1897			World's Parliament of Religions, Chicago: Buddhism reaches the West芝加哥世界宗教议会：佛教传入西方1893	Brahmo Samaj founded (Ram Mohan Roy)梵社成立（罗姆·摩罕·罗易）1828 Arya Samaj founded (Dayananda Saraswati)雅利安社成立（达耶难陀）1875 Vivekananda at the Parliament of Religions, Chicago辨喜在芝加哥世界宗教大会演讲1893
1900 – 1999	The Holocaust (Shoah)大屠杀（浩劫）1941 – 1945 State of Israel established以色列国建立1948	Second Vatican Council梵蒂冈第二次大公会议1962 – 1965	Abolition of the Caliphate哈里发制度的废除1924	Dalai Lama goes into exile达赖喇嘛流亡1959	RSS founded (Hindu nationalism)国民志愿服务团成立（印度教民族主义）1925 Hindu Code Bills印度教法典法案1955 – 1956 ISKCON founded in New York国际奎师那知觉协会在纽约成立1966 Babri Masjid demolished at Ayodhya阿约提亚巴布里清真寺被拆毁1992

Side by side

China vs Europe: Comparative History Timeline5001 BCE – today
Han China and Rome: Side-by-Side Timeline206 BCE – 476
Spain, Portugal and the Americas: Colonial History Timeline1492 – 1825