History timeline
Iraq
18 periods and events, 4000 BCE – 2017.
Periods and events
| When | Period or event | Kind | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4000–2334 BCE | Sumer and the first cities苏美尔与最早的城市 Mesopotamian city-states such as Uruk and Ur; cradle of writing, the wheel and urban life. | Other | Source |
| 2334–2154 BCE | Akkadian Empire阿卡德帝国 Sargon of Akkad unites Mesopotamia into the world's first empire. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 1894–1595 BCE | Babylon under Hammurabi汉谟拉比治下的巴比伦 First Babylonian dynasty; Hammurabi's law code is among the earliest written legal systems. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 911–609 BCE | Neo-Assyrian Empire新亚述帝国 Assyria builds the largest empire of its day, ruling from Nineveh. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 626–539 BCE | Neo-Babylonian Empire新巴比伦帝国 Babylon rises again under Nebuchadnezzar II, who conquers Jerusalem. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 539–141 BCE | Persian and Hellenistic rule波斯与希腊化统治 Achaemenid Persia and then Alexander's Seleucid successors rule Mesopotamia. | Colonial | Source |
| 141 BCE – 636 | Parthian and Sasanian rule帕提亚与萨珊统治 Iranian empires rule Mesopotamia, with the Sasanian capital at Ctesiphon. | Colonial | Source |
| 636 – 638 | Muslim conquest阿拉伯征服 Arab armies defeat the Sasanians and bring Mesopotamia into the Islamic world. | War | Source |
| 762 – 1258 | Abbasid Caliphate and Baghdad阿拔斯王朝与巴格达 Baghdad, founded in 762, becomes the capital of the Islamic Golden Age. | Dynasty or era | Source |
| 1258 | Mongol sack of Baghdad蒙古洗劫巴格达 The Mongols destroy Baghdad and end the Abbasid Caliphate, a blow to the Islamic Golden Age. | War | Source |
| 1534 – 1918 | Ottoman rule奥斯曼统治 Nearly four centuries of Ottoman rule over the provinces of Baghdad, Basra and Mosul. | Colonial | Source |
| 1920 – 1958 | Kingdom of Iraq (Mandate to monarchy)伊拉克王国（英国委任统治至君主制） British Mandate followed by an independent Hashemite monarchy. | Colonial | Source |
| 1958 | Republic of Iraq (1958 revolution)伊拉克共和国（1958年革命） A military coup overthrows the monarchy and proclaims a republic. | Politics | Source |
| 1968 – 2003 | Ba'athist Iraq under Saddam Hussein萨达姆·侯赛因治下的复兴党伊拉克 Ba'ath Party rule, dominated after 1979 by the dictatorship of Saddam Hussein. | Politics | Source |
| 1980 – 1988 | Iran–Iraq War两伊战争 Eight years of war with Iran, one of the deadliest conflicts of the late 20th century. | War | Source |
| 1991 – 1991 | Gulf War海湾战争 A US-led coalition expels Iraq from Kuwait after its 1990 invasion. | War | Source |
| 2003 | US-led invasion and fall of Saddam美国入侵与萨达姆政权垮台 The 2003 invasion topples Saddam Hussein and begins years of occupation and insurgency. | War | Source |
| 2014 – 2017 | Rise and defeat of ISIS伊斯兰国的兴起与覆灭 ISIS seizes much of northern Iraq before being driven out by 2017. | War | Source |