History timeline

Spain

24 periods and events, 1101 BCE – 1986.

Periods and events

When	Period or event	Kind	Source
1101–536 BCE	Phoenician and Greek colonies腓尼基与希腊殖民地 Trading colonies such as Gadir (Cádiz) and Emporion established along the coast.	Economy	Source
1001–219 BCE	Iberians and Celts伊比利亚人与凯尔特人 Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula, including Celtiberians in the interior.	Other	Source
238–207 BCE	Carthaginian Iberia迦太基治下的伊比利亚 Barcid rule over southern and eastern Iberia until the Roman conquest.	Dynasty or era	Source
219 BCE – 472	Roman Hispania罗马西班牙（希斯帕尼亚） Roman conquest began in 218 BCE during the Second Punic War; the peninsula was Romanized until the Germanic invasions.	Dynasty or era	Source
418 – 711	Visigothic Kingdom西哥特王国 Germanic kingdom ruling most of Iberia; fell to the Umayyad conquest in 711.	Dynasty or era	Source
711 – 1492	Al-Andalus (Muslim Iberia)安达卢斯（穆斯林统治时期） Muslim rule from the 711 Umayyad conquest; the Caliphate of Córdoba (929–1031) was its cultural peak. Ended with the fall of Granada in 1492.	Dynasty or era	Source
718 – 1492	Reconquista收复失地运动 Centuries-long Christian reconquest of Iberia, from Covadonga (c. 718) to the fall of Granada in 1492.	War	Source
1469 – 1516	Catholic Monarchs天主教双王（卡斯蒂利亚与阿拉贡联合） Marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon (1469) united the crowns, forming the basis of modern Spain.	Politics	Source
1478 – 1834	Spanish Inquisition西班牙宗教裁判所 Established by the Catholic Monarchs to enforce religious orthodoxy; not abolished until 1834.	Religion	Source
1492 – 1898	Spanish Empire西班牙帝国 One of the first global empires; vast American and Pacific holdings, largely lost by 1898.	Colonial	Source
1492	Fall of Granada格拉纳达陷落 The last Muslim emirate surrendered, completing the Reconquista.	War	Source
1492	Columbus reaches the Americas哥伦布抵达美洲 Sponsored by the Catholic Monarchs, opening the era of Spanish overseas empire.	Politics	Source
1500 – 1681	Spanish Golden Age黄金世纪 Siglo de Oro: a flourishing of Spanish art and literature (Cervantes, Velázquez).	Movement	Source
1516 – 1700	Habsburg Spain哈布斯堡西班牙 From Charles I (1516) to Charles II (1700); Spain was the dominant European power at its height.	Dynasty or era	Source
1588	Spanish Armada defeated无敌舰队覆灭 Failed invasion of England; a symbolic check to Spanish naval supremacy.	War	Source
1701 – 1714	War of the Spanish Succession西班牙王位继承战争 Ended Habsburg rule; the Bourbon dynasty took the Spanish throne.	War	Source
1808 – 1814	Peninsular War半岛战争 Resistance to Napoleon's occupation; part of the Napoleonic Wars.	War	Source
1808 – 1833	Spanish American wars of independence西属美洲独立战争 Most of Spain's American colonies won independence, ending its continental empire.	War	Source
1898 – 1898	Spanish–American War美西战争 Defeat by the US cost Spain Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, ending its overseas empire.	War	Source
1931 – 1939	Second Spanish Republic西班牙第二共和国 Democratic republic after the monarchy's fall; ended by the Civil War.	Politics	Source
1936 – 1939	Spanish Civil War西班牙内战 Nationalists under Franco defeated the Republic; a prelude to World War II.	War	Source
1939 – 1975	Francoist Spain佛朗哥独裁时期 Authoritarian dictatorship under Francisco Franco until his death in 1975.	Politics	Source
1975 – 1978	Transition to democracy民主转型 Restoration of parliamentary monarchy under Juan Carlos I; the 1978 Constitution established today's democracy.	Politics	Source
1986	Spain joins the EEC加入欧洲共同体 Accession to the European Communities (later the EU), anchoring Spain in modern Europe.	Economy	Source

Side by side

China vs Europe: Comparative History Timeline5001 BCE – today
Spain, Portugal and the Americas: Colonial History Timeline1492 – 1825

Also in Europe

UK3001 BCE – 1945
Netherlands101 BCE – 1795
France501 BCE – 1815
Germany501 BCE – 1990
Russia701 BCE – today
Ukraine1199 – today
Italy753 BCE – 1957
Greece3001 BCE – today
Portugal218 BCE – 1986
Ireland432 – today
Belgium57 BCE – 1993
Luxembourg963 – 1974
Austria1200 BCE – 1955
Denmark793 – 1992
Norway872 – 1990
Iceland874 – 1986
Poland960 – 1989
Czechia833 – 1993
Slovakia623 – 1993
Hungary895 – 1989
Estonia1208 – 1996
Latvia1201 – 1991
Lithuania1236 – 1991
Belarus987 – today
Moldova1346 – 1994
Romania82 BCE – 1989
Bulgaria480 BCE – 1990
Croatia305 – 1995
Bosnia and Herzegovina1154 – 1996
Serbia1166 – 2001
Montenegro1040 – 2003
North Macedonia886 – 2019
Albania400 BCE – 1997
Kosovo1346 – 2008
Malta3600 BCE – 1989
Cyprus7000 BCE – 1983